https://doi.org/10.4081/jae.2022.1396

Analysis of the main physical and chemical characteristics of the vine shoots of three vine varieties from Veneto (Italy)

Vol. 53 No. 4 (2022)
Published: 15 September 2022
Agricultural residues, biomass, energy utilisation, pruning residues, vine shoots, vineyard.
Abstract Views: 1209
PDF: 409
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

Authors

Alessio Mencarelli
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5373-0360
Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry, University of Padova, Legnaro (PD), Italy.
Raffaele Cavalli
Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry, University of Padova, Legnaro (PD), Italy.
Rosa Greco
rosa.greco@unipd.it
Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry, University of Padova, Legnaro (PD), Italy.

In Italy, the agricultural residues resulting from the pruning of vineyards represent a potential energy Source, in particular for the Veneto region, which is the second Italian region by vineyard area. This study is aimed at analysing the main physical and chemical characteristics of vine shoots from the annual pruning of vineyards. This for use them as wood chips in small-medium size power plants. International and European standards for the analysis of biofuels were used to determine the moisture content, heating value, ash content, micro and macro elemental and fibrous fraction (lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose and extractives). The samples were collected from three different vineyards in the Vicenza area. The varieties analysed were Chardonnay, Glera, and Merlot. For each variety, the three different components of vine shoots were compared: internode, node, and pith, to investigate in which part of the vine shoot the most significant accumulation of metallic elements deriving from plant protection products occurs. The results show significant differences among the energy parameters of the three varieties and three vine shoot components. In particular, the pith shows low heating value and high ash content, while higher energy values characterise the woody components. Analysis of the chemical elements showed a high content of Cu and Zn in the wood components, node, and internode, causing the high ash content found. In particular, Cu content exceeds the limits set by the reference standard. As regards the analysis of the fibrous fraction, a high content of extractives was found in the pith. These extractives could explain why the pith of the three varieties analysed, especially in Chardonnay, have lower heating value on dry basis (LHV0) values and high ash contents. On the contrary, the node and internode components have a higher cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin content. Overall, the vine shoots analysed have characteristics suitable for possible energy use. However, according to EN ISO 17225-9:2021 standard, these can only be used as wood chips for industrial purposes in large power plants due to the high ash and Cu content.

Dimensions

Altmetric

PlumX Metrics

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Citations

Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC
Andersen SP, Allen B, Domingo GC, 2021. Biomass in the EU Green Deal: Towards consensus on the use of biomass for EU bioenergy. Policy report, Institute for European Environmental Policy (IEEP), Bruxelles, Belgium.
Brunetto G, Ferreira PAV, Melo GW, Ceretta CA, Toselli M, 2017. Heavy metals in vineyards and orchard soils. Rev. Bras. Frutic. 39.
Brunetto G, Miotto A, Ceretta CA, Schmitt DE, Heinzen J, de Moraes MP, Canton L, Tiecher TL, Comin JJ, Girotto E, 2014. Mobility of copper and zinc fractions in fungicide-amended vineyard sandy soils. Arch. Agron. Soil. Sci. 60:609-24.
Demirbas T, Demirbas C, 2009. Fuel properties of wood species. Energ. Source Part A 31:1464-72.
Di Blasi C, Tanzi V, Lanzetta M, 1997. A study on the production of agricultural residues in Italy. Biomass. Bioenerg. 12:321-31.
Duca D, Toscano G, Pizzi A, Rossini R, Fabrizi S, Lucesoli G, Servilli A, Mancini V, Romanazzi G, Mengarelli C, 2016. Evaluation of the characteristics of vineyard pruning residues for energy applications: effect of different copper-based treatments. J. Agr. Eng. 47:22-27.
Estrellan CR, Iino F, 2010. Toxic emissions from open burning. Chemosphere. 80:193-207.
García R, Pizarro C, Lavín AG, Bueno JL, 2014. Spanish biofuels heating value estimation. Part II: Proximate analysis data. Fuel. 117:1139-47.
Giorio C, Pizzini S, Marchiori E, Piazza R, Grigolato S, Zanetti M, Cavalli R, Simoncin M, Soldà L, Badocco D, Tapparo A, 2019. Sustainability of using vineyard pruning residues as an energy source: combustion performances and environmental impact. Fuel. 243:371-80.
Gismondi R, 2020. Un’analisi integrata delle principali fonti statistiche e amministrative sulla produzione di vino in Italia. ISTAT working paper N. 8/2020.
Hellrigl B, 2006. Elementi di xiloenergetica. Definizione, formule, tabelle. AIEL, Padova, Italy.
ISO, 2015a. Solid biofuels - Determination of total content of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen. EN ISO 16948:2015. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland.
ISO, 2015b. Solid biofuels - Determination of minor elements. EN ISO 16968:2015. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland.
ISO, 2015c. Solid biofuels - Determination of ash content. EN ISO 18122:2015. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland.
ISO, 2015d. Solid biofuels - Determination of moisture content - Oven dry method - Part 1: Total moisture. EN ISO 18134-1:2015. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland.
ISO, 2016. Solid biofuels - Determination of total content of sulfur and chlorine. EN ISO 16994:2016. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland.
ISO, 2017a. Solid biofuels - Sample preparation. EN ISO 14780:2017. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland.
ISO, 2017b. Solid biofuels - Determination of calorific value. EN ISO 18125:2017. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland.
ISO, 2021a. Solid biofuels - Fuel specifications and classes - Part 4: Graded wood chips. EN ISO 17225-4:2021. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland.
ISO, 2021b. Solid biofuels - Fuel specifications and classes - Part 9: Graded hog fuel and wood chips for industrial use. EN ISO 17225-9:2021. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Jacometti MA, Wratten SD, Walter M, 2007. Management of understorey to reduce the primary inoculum of Botrytis cinerea: Enhancing ecosystem services in vineyards. Biol. Control 40:57-64.
Jiménez L, Angulo V, Ramos E, De la Torre MJ, Ferre JL, 2006. Comparison of various pulping processes for producing pulp from vine shoots. Ind. Crop. Prod. 23:122-30.
Komárek M, Čadková E, Chrastný V, Bordas F, Bollinger JC, 2010. Contamination of vineyard soils with fungicides: a review of environmental and toxicological aspects. Environ. Int. 36:138-51.
Kumar R, Pandey KK, Chandrashekar N, Mohan S, 2010. Effect of tree-age on calorific value and other fuel properties of Eucalyptus hybrid. J. Forestry Res. 21:514-6.
Lemieux PM, Lutes CC, Santoianni DA, 2004. Emissions of organic air toxics from open burning: a comprehensive review. Prog. Energ. Combust. 30:1-32.
Lieskovský M, Jankovský M, Trenčiansky M, Merganič J, Dvořák J, 2017. Ash content vs. the economics of using wood chips for energy: Model based on data from Central Europe. BioResour. 12:1579-92.
Manaresi A, 1951. Trattato di viticoltura. 3rd ed. Edagricole, Bologna, Italy.
Manzone M, Paravidino E, Bonifacino G, Balsari P, 2016. Biomass availability and quality produced by vineyard management during a period of 15 years. Renew. Energ. 99:465-71.
Mendívil MA, Muñoz P, Morales MP, Juárez MC, García-Escudero E, 2013. Chemical characterization of pruned vine shoots from la Rioja (Spain) for obtaining solid bio-fuels. J. Renew. Sustain. Ener. 5:033113.
Mendívil MA, Muñoz P, Morales MP, Juárez Castelló MC, 2015. Energy potential of vine shoots in La Rioja (Spain) and their dependence on several viticultural factors. Cienc. Investig. Agrar. 42:443-51.
Mescalchin E, Cristoforetti A, Magagnotti N, Silvestri S, Spinelli R, 2009. Utilizzo dei residui di potatura della vite a fini energetici. Fondazione Edmund Mach.
Obernberger I, Brunner T, Bärnthaler G, 2006. Chemical properties of solid biofuels-significance and impact. Biomass Bioen. 30:973-82.
OIV, 2020a. 2020 Wine production. International Organization of Vine and Wine. Paris, France.
OIV, 2020b. State of the world vitivinicultural sector in 2020. International Organization of Vine and Wine. Paris, France.
Ozgen S, Cernuschi S, Caserini S, 2021. An overview of nitrogen oxides emissions from biomass combustion for domestic heat production. Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev. 135:110113.
Picchi G, 2012. Valutazione qualitativa biomassa combustibile derivata da rimozione di frutteto (pesco, Prunus persica L.). IVALSA-Istituto per la Valorizzazione del Legno e delle Specie Arboree, Firenze.
Picchi G, Silvestri S, Cristoforetti A, 2013. Vineyard residues as a fuel for domestic boilers in Trento Province (Italy): Comparison to wood chips and means of polluting emissions control. Fuel 113:43-9.
Pizzi A, Foppa Pedretti E, Duca D, Rossini G, Mengarelli C, Ilari A, Mancini M, Toscano G, 2018. Emissions of heating appliances fuelled with agropellet produced from vine pruning residues and environmental aspects. Renew. Energ. 121:513-20.
Scarlat N, Dallemand J, Taylor N, Banja M, 2019. Brief on biomass for energy in the European Union. Sanchez Lopez J, Avraamides M, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.
Senila L, Neag E, Torok I, Cadar O, Kovacs E, Ţenu I, Roman C, 2020. Vine shoots waste - new resources for bioethanol production. Rom. Biotech. Lett. 25:1253-9.
Sonoda K, Hashimoto Y, Wang SL, Ban T, 2019. Copper and zinc in vineyard and orchard soils at millimeter vertical resolution. Sci. Total Environ. 689:958-62.
Spinelli R, Nati A, Pari L, Mescalchin E, Magagnotti N, 2012. Production and quality of biomass fuels from mechanized collection and processing of vineyard pruning residues. Appl. Energ. 89:374-9.
Spinelli R, Negrin M, Francescaro V, 2010. Recupero delle potature di vigneti e frutteti finalizzato alla valorizzazione energetica. AIEL, Padova, Italy.
Valer M, 2010. Quale macchina scegliere per accogliere i residui di potatura. Inf. Agrario 8:16-9.
Van Soest PJ, Robertson JB, Lewis BA, 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74:3583-97.
Zanetti M, Brandelet B, Marini D, Sgarbossa A, Giorio C, Badocco F, Tapparo A, Grigolato S, Rogaume C, Rogaume Y, Cavalli R, 2017. Vineyard pruning residues pellets for use in domestic appliances: a quality assessment according to the EN ISO 17225. J. Agr. Eng. 48:99.

How to Cite

Mencarelli, A., Cavalli, R. and Greco, R. (2022) “Analysis of the main physical and chemical characteristics of the vine shoots of three vine varieties from Veneto (Italy)”, Journal of Agricultural Engineering, 53(4). doi: 10.4081/jae.2022.1396.
Copyright (c) 2022 the Author(s) Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

PAGEPress has chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) to all manuscripts to be published.


Similar Articles

<< < 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.