ANALISI ENERGETICA DI CANTIERI DI MECCANIZZAZIONE LEGGERA PER L’UTILIZZAZIONE DI UN CEDUO DI EUCALIPTO

The work was turned near Crotone (KR), in a 20 year-old plantation of Eucalyptus occidentalis Endl. positioned in hill zones, with average slope next to 27%. The utilisation system was the Full Tree System (FTS). The felling on the six yards has been done by chainsaw and the first coppice bunching was manual. fts 1, 2 - The extraction has been done by one drum forest winch applied to the three point hitch of a wheeled farm tractor forest version. fts 3, 4 - The extraction has been done by two drums forest winch, applied to the three point hitch of a wheeled farm tractor forest version. fts 5,6 - The extraction has been done by light tower yarder powered by one drum forest winch applied to the three point hitch of a wheeled farm tractor forest version. fts 1, 3 and 5 - At the landing the coppice have been processed by chainsaw in 2 meters length trunks. The slash accumulated and the trunks staked manually. fts 2, 4 and 6 - At the landing the coppice have been chipped by drum chipper with manual feed. The machine was a tractor powered chipper. At the landing the wood has been differentiated in two types. The type from the yards “fts 1,3,5†were 2 meters length trunks and the other type from the yards “fts 2,4,6†were chips for energy production. For the 2 meters length trunks the transport has been done by truck with 16 t of load capacity, and hydraulic crane. This material at the staple will be chipping by drum chipper with autonomous engine and mechanical feed. The chips transport will be done by truck with 17 t of load capacity. From the working times analysis and the wood quantitative obtained we studied the energy balance in the yards. We used the GER (Goss Energy Requirement) method. From the results obtained, the best work methodology seems to be that of full trees chipping directly at the landing and the chips transport at the staple. For the bunching and the extraction the best productivity result is given from the tractor with one drum forest winch. Considering the energy balance the yard that guarantees the greater efficiency is the “fts 4â€, where has been employed for the extraction the tractor with two drums forest winch. The mechanization typology that supplied the better energy efficiency is that of the yards “fts 2,4 and 6†where the full trees has been chipped to the landing.